Primary Sources

Note: these are cobbled together from disparate sources, so navigation back to this index may not be directly available.

Note: The materials are generally divided into primary and secondary sources (with some overlap), but otherwise I've not tried to impose any sort of order. Use Find.

Note: Some sources have obviously been scanned and have the usual array of OCR errors. You'll just have to read creatively.

• Statutes of the Commune of Biella, 13thc. Provided by Professor Lynn Nelson.
• Two poems concerning hoplites, Tyrtaeus and Archilochus
• Excerpts of Sources on the Thirty Years War, from Readings in European History, J.H. Robinson, ed., 1906.
• "The Vikings in England",, by James A. Graham-Campbell, History Today, July 1982, pp. 40-43. Some photos from a dig.
• Canterbury Tales, by Goeffrey Chaucer.
• The Prince, by Niccolò Machiavelli.
• Essays, by Montaigne. Twenty-one of them.
• The Acharnians, by Aristophanes, 420 BC
• Alcibiades, from Plutarch's Lives
• Alexander, from Plutarch's Lives
• The Birds, by Aristophanes
• The Clouds, by Aristophanes
• The Frogs, by Aristophanes
• The Knights, by Aristophanes
• The Wasps, by Aristophanes
• Lysistrata, by Aristophanes
• The Peloponnesian War, by Thucydides
• Pericles, from Plutarch's Lives
• Diary of a Journey Through Syria and Palestine, by Nasir-i Khusrau, 11thc.
• Beowulf, Anonymous
• Declaration of Arbroath, Scotland, 1320
• Guidebook to the Holy Land, Philippus Brusserius Savonensis, ca. 1350
• Extracts from the Kitab al-Jihad, by Ali Tahir al-Sulami (d. 1106). Translated by Niall Christie.

Secondary Sources

• Jakob Burckhardt, The civilization of the Renaissance in Italy, 1885
• "Fiduciary Media and Banking in Medieval Venice Revisited", by Richard C.B. Johnsson. Unpublished. PDF
• "Rise of Wessex", by William Seymour. Journal and publication date unknown.
• "Elements of Popular Belief", by R.W. Scribner, in Handbook of European History, 1400-1600, 1994. This reading also contains an annotated source, an extract from Geiler von Keyserberg's sermon on "The Ants" in 1508.